Titlebook: Cellulose Hydrolysis; Liang-tseng Fan,Mahendra Moreshwar Gharpuray,Yong- Book 1987 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1987 Chlor.Polysaccha

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Introduction,xide catalyzed by sunlight. The estimated volume of existing cellulosic resources is 324 billion cubic meters. Furthermore, the annual net yield of photosynthesis is 1.8 trillion tons of biodegradable substances, about 40% of which is cellulose. The abundance coupled with the renewability renders ce

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Nature of Cellulosic Material, governed primarily by their structural features since (1) cellulose present in biomass possesses a highly resistant crystalline structure, (2) lignin surrounding the cellulose forms a physical barrier, and (3) the reactive sites available are limited. The cellulose present in lignoeellulosics is co

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DENT

Acid Hydrolysis of Cellulose,ponents into their constituent sugars are enzymatic hydrolysis and acid hydrolysis. The former has been reviewed in the preceding chapter [38,39, 81 ]. The present chapter covers the latter with the focus on mechanism and kinetics of acid hydrolysis.

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Design and Economic Evaluation of Cellulose Hydrolysis Processes,esses are included. It appears, however, that the former remains largely at the conceptual or developmental stage; most of the commercial processes in operation, while rather limited in number, are said to belong to the latter. Nevertheless, the procedure for process economic evaluation and optimiza

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Epilogue,sis must compete with hydrolysis of starch from grain crops. While lignocellulosic residues are abundant, their distributions are diffused; the availability of commercially viable collection systems for them is limited. Of all crops, corn is a primary source of starch because its supply is ample, it

指耕作

Book 1987sential that any such treatment be unbiased with respect to the two methods - chemical and biochemical - for the breakdown of cellulose to sugars. Researchers on cellulose hydrolysis have frequently been chided by persons from industry, especially those individuals concerned with determining the eco

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NATAL

Nature of Cellulosic Material,e or acid molecules and eventually its hydrolysis rate. The limitation of available reactive sites stems from the fact that the average size of the capillaries in biomass is too small to allow the entry of reactive molecules, especially the large enzyme molecules.

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Epilogue,the low raw material cost and high investment cost for cellulose hydrolysis. To enhance hydrolyzability, a cellulosic biomass need be subjected to a variety of pretreat-ments; however, this increases the cost of processing.