Titlebook: Carotenoids; Volume 2: Synthesis George Britton (Reader in Biochemistry),Synnøve Li Book 1996 Birkh�user Verlag 1996 Natural products chemi

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Sulphone CouplingAn olefinic bond can be produced by alkylation of the α-carbanion of a sulphone followed by base-promoted elimination (Equation 1). This process is attractive practically in view of recovery of the reagent.

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Synthesis of Cyclic CarotenoidsFor general remarks the reader is referred to Chapter 3 Part II Section A.

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Technical SynthesesSynthetic nature-identical carotenoids have been produced since 1954 by Roche [1] and since 1960 by BASF [2]. The economic importance of this class of substances increased in the following decades, accelerating particularly in the past seven years.

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Partial Synthesis of SulphatesThe isolation of and the special physical, chemical and enzymic methods employed in the isolation and characterization of naturally occurring carotenoid sulphates have been dealt with in Vol. 1A, Worked Example 11.

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Synthesis in Perspectiveng together of individual pieces to construct or create a whole article. These activities of constructing or creating are inherent to mankind. In the context of chemistry, the definition of ‘synthesis’ is given in Kingzeit’s Chemical Encyclopaedia as ‘the building up of elements into compounds, or o

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Strategies for Building the Carbon Skeletonew methods and strategies that became established early in this century have since been used repeatedly and some of these have been developed to the scale of industrial syntheses. The aim of this Chapter is to provide a guide to the simplest route to a particular target carotenoid.