Titlebook: British Cardiology in the 20th Century; Mark E. Silverman (Professor of Cardiology, Chief Book 2000 Springer-Verlag London Limited 2000 c

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The Chest X Ray in Cardiac Diagnosis, 1930–60ination, supplemented by a chest . ray and electrocardiogram. By 1960, the two latter investigations were readily available in all cardiac departments; the basic methods were standardised and stable, and have remained so ever since. Though obviously useful, a quality of immutability now invests both

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Electrocardiography, Electrophysiology, and Arrhythmias. Mechanical recordings of the pulse were developed in France and Germany in the mid-19th century and were further refined by Sir James Mackenzie while he was still in practice in Burnley Lancashire just over 100 years ago (see chapter 1). Mackenzie obtained a considerable amount of information from

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Peristalsis

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance[2] It was first used in magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which became a routine analytical technique in chemistry, and later biochemistry, laboratories. However, it was not until the 1970s that magnetic resonance was used to produce images, and there is still debate over who was first to describe i

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Prevention of Heart Diseasereatment was essentially symptomatic since accurate diagnosis and the classification of disease entities were in their infancy. In the United States, by contrast, the leading American cardiologist Paul Dudley White wrote a paper in 1922 entitled “The diagnosis of heart disease, with especial referen

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Cardiac Surgery they would have been able to watch Mr Russell Brock performing one of the six or so operations in that year for the relief of mitral stenosis.[1] In the other, Mr Hedley Atkins was performing thoracolumbar sympathectomy (Smithwick’s operation).[2–4] These young surgeons went on to be eminent in sur

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Cardiac Rehabilitationce a series of events and processes which may or may not be obviously linked but have provided an impetus for development. Many have referred to William Heberden, working in London in 1768, as the pioneer of exercise as a treatment for heart disease. Others point to William Stokes in Dublin in 1854,