Titlebook: Brain Ischemia; Basic Concepts and C Louis R. Caplan (Professor and Chairman) Book 1995 Springer-Verlag London Limited 1995 PET.biochemistr

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Pathophysiological and Clinical Implicad vascular territory, where CBF may be only mildly reduced (oligemia) or even normal (autoregulated) (Pulsinelli 1992). The concept of the ‘ischemic penumbra’ dictates that, in each block of tissue, the level of residual perfusion will determine to what degree the cascade of ischemic-dependent biochemical events is triggered.

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Prefatory Commentsbution of vascular diseases that affect the eye is different from those that involve the brain; some vascular diseases affect the eye in specific and diagnostic patterns and the strategy and technology used to evaluate patients with eye ischemia differ from those used for brain ischemia.

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Ocular Ischemiaf vision results from anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Arteritis affects both circulations, but giant-cell arteritis more often affects the posterior ciliary arteries. In this chapter several pathophysiologic mechanisms of ocular vascular disease will be considered, following comments regarding normal ocular vascular anatomy and physiology.

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Prefatory Commentsarcted tissue (Virchow 1843; Fisher 1987). Yet surprisingly, until very recently there had not been much interest in how the blood vessels became occluded. Interest during the late 19th and early 20. centuries centered mostly on the anatomy of the brain’s blood supply and the clinical signs that resulted from infarcts in various regions.

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Ischemic Cerebral Edemands to intracellular edema, and brain or wet edema (Hirondem), which corresponds to extracellular edema. The differentiation between these two forms depended on the appearance of the cut surface of the brain (Reichardt 1904/5).

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Coagulation was much lower (Solis et al. 1977) and the passage of emboli or spontaneous recanalization of vessels was shown (Dalai et al. 1965). Recognition of the thrombotic nature of stroke has led to a renewal of interest in exogenous thrombolytic therapy (Brott et al. 1992; del Zoppo et al. 1992).

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