Titlebook: Body Fluid Management; From Physiology to T Felice Eugenio Agrò (Commander to the Order of Mer Book 2013 Springer-Verlag Italia 2013 Acid-b

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How to Maintain and Restore Fluid Balance: Colloids,Colloids are high molecular weight molecules that do not dissolve completely in water, nor do they pass freely through the capillary membrane. According to their molecular size, structure and vessel permeability, colloids determine the oncotic pressure.

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Fluid Management in Loco-Regional Anesthesia,In regional anesthesia, only a specific part of the body is anesthetized. The pain signal coming from the anesthetized area is blocked at the level of the central or peripheral nervous system and does not reach the brain. There is also a reduction in tactile sensitivity and the movement ability of the muscles is abolished.

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Sepsis and Septic Shock,Sepsis and septic shock are major health issues involving millions of people worldwide each year.

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Fluid Management in Trauma Patients,Trauma is a considerable health issue, given that each day 16 000 people die from trauma and several thousand are severely injured [1].

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Infusion-Related Complications,Infusion therapy requires the use of a peripheral venous catheter (PVC), whose position can be complicated by phlebitis, defined as an inflammation of the tunica intima of a vein. Inflammation, in turn, may have mechanical, chemical, or bacterial origins [1].

Lumbar-Stenosis

Commercially Available Crystalloids and Colloids,In this chapter, the main commercially available crystalloids and colloids are reviewed.

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Pharmaco-Economics,When limited economic resources are available, it is necessary to compare the costs and benefits of two (or more) available alternatives. The aim of health economics is to determine the most efficient way to spend limited resources [1].

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Physiology of Body Fluid Compartments and Body Fluid Movements,l compartments: intravascular space (IVS, plasma), interstitial space (ISS), and transcellular space (TCS) (Fig. 1.1). These compartments contain the body water and are surrounded by a semi-permeable membrane through which fluids pass from one space to another and which separates them.