Titlebook: Biological Rhythms and Endocrine Function; Laurence W. Hedlund,John M. Franz,Alexander D. Ken Book 1975 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and

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,Avoiding the Unconfoundednes Assumption: Counterfactual Inference Considering Unobserved Confounderhe impact of both observed and unobserved confounders. Despite the multitude of proposed methods aimed at addressing observed confounding bias, these approaches are contingent upon the untestable assumption of Unconfoundedness, which posits the absence of unobserved confounders. In this paper, we pr