Titlebook: Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems; Benefits and Risks David Pimentel Book 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97046-2complex dissipative systems no quantitative assessment of output/input energy ratio can be substantive; (ii) metabolic systems define “on their own”, what should be considered as useful work, converters, energy carriers, and primary energy sources; (iii) the well known trade-off between “power” (the

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Frank Neuner,Thomas Elbert,Maggie Schauerhuman populations, infrastructures, and transportation. Developed countries are critically dependent on the liquid fuels required by present day transportation of goods and services and by agriculture and are dependent on various fuels for generation of electricity. Authorities and the media present

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Belinda J. Liddell,Richard A. Bryantenergy analysis, particularly Energy Return on Energy Investment, can measure the biophysical properties of a resources progression over time. There has been sporadic and disparate use of net energy statistics over the past several decades. Some analyses are inclusive in treatment of inputs and outp

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Prathiba Chitsabesan,Nathan Hughesuntries were selected because they are the two largest countries in the world producing ethanol. All current fossil energy inputs used in the entire process of producing ethanol from sugarcane were included to determine the entire energy cost for ethanol production. Additional costs to consumers, in

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Sarah Hean,Elizabeth Walsh,Marilyn Hammickinputs used in corn production and for the fermentation/distillation were included to determine the entire energy cost of ethanol production. Additional costs to consumers include federal and state subsidies, plus costs associated with environmental pollution and/or degradation that occur during the

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