Titlebook: Basic Principles of Cardiovascular MRI; Physics and Imaging Mushabbar A. Syed,Subha V. Raman,Orlando P. Simone Book 2015 Springer Internat

SPECT

978-3-319-37113-9Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015

laceration

Signal Generationc fields with the nuclei of hydrogen atoms in the body. Hydrogen nuclei (protons, or “spins”) tend to align themselves with the large static magnetic field generated by the MRI system, and rotate or precess about the direction of that field at a characteristic frequency called the Larmor frequency.

RALES

k-Spacely, this formalism is a mathematical construct that allows for the description of acquired MRI data in a domain described as spatial-frequency space, or k-space, which is related to the desired image space representation via the Fourier transform. Representing the data as k-space converts the time v

Shuttle

简略

Spatial, Temporal Resolution and Signal-to-Noise Ratiois a reflection of signal intensity with reference to the background noise. In cardiac MR imaging, it is desirable to acquire images that have adequate spatial resolution to resolve fine structures in the heart, sufficient temporal resolution to visualize cardiac motion, and high SNR for good image

跟随

Fast Imagingnd blood. Many different data collection and image reconstruction techniques are used to accelerate imaging in cardiovascular MRI. Basic methods involve synchronizing the collection of data to cardiac and respiratory cycles, such that artifacts due to motion are avoided. Other methods focus on colle

APNEA

妨碍

Imaging Artifactsoved accuracy and reliability..The complex nature of the cardiovascular system offers many challenges to clinicians. Its unique mixture of respiratory and cardiac motion; fast flowing blood; and the tissue-air interface between the heart and the lungs, are just some of the difficulties faced. Many o

定点

MRI Safetyt MRI generates from its unique manipulation of atomic nuclei. MRI exposes the subject under study to a very strong static magnetic field, as well as radiofrequency (RF) fields and magnetic field gradients, to generate and detect the weak electromagnetic signals that can be sampled and processed to

单独

Principles of ECG Gating for CMRother organs. Thus, imaging the heart requires synchronization of data acquisition to the cardiac cycle, typically using an electrocardiographic recording of the heart’s electrical activity. This technique is known as electrocardiographic (ECG)-gating. Depending on the specific anatomical or functio