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Titlebook: Barriers to Entry and Growth of New Firms in Early Transition; A Comparative Study Iraj Hoshi,Ewa Balcerowicz,Leszek Balcerowicz (Pre Book

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发表于 2025-3-21 19:00:18 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
期刊全称Barriers to Entry and Growth of New Firms in Early Transition
期刊简称A Comparative Study
影响因子2023Iraj Hoshi,Ewa Balcerowicz,Leszek Balcerowicz (Pre
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图书封面Titlebook: Barriers to Entry and Growth of New Firms in Early Transition; A Comparative Study  Iraj Hoshi,Ewa Balcerowicz,Leszek Balcerowicz (Pre Book
影响因子inefficient and uncompetitive enterprises especially from the over-grown industrial sector. These initial conditions meant that, in the early stages of transition, the volume of entries and exits will be, by necessity, very high ­ reflecting the large scale changes that had to take place before these economies attain a macroeconomic structure consistent with their level of development and with the needs of a market-based economy open to internationalcompetition. One of the main elements of the reform programme in all economies in transition was the liberalisation of entry conditions. Along with the liberalisation of prices and foreign trade, appropriate measures facilitating the establishment of new enterprises were approved in the very early phase of reforms in all of these countries. The effectiveness of liberalised entry conditions, of course, depends on the presence of appropriate legal and institutional framework in which new firms will operate. The establishment of a conducive legal and institutional environment, however, takes much longer. In practice, new firms come into existence before the rules of the game are properly established. These rules develop gradually and are n
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发表于 2025-3-21 21:27:59 | 显示全部楼层
Fiscal and Regulatory Impediments to the Entry of New Firms in Five Transition Economies,ve system of state control established under socialism was inappropriate for these transforming economies and had to be replaced by a completely different set of rules and regulations designed to facilitate the establishment of a market economy. While the vast machinery of the former system was bein
发表于 2025-3-22 02:00:51 | 显示全部楼层
Investment and Finance in , Private Firms: Empirical Results from the Czech Republic, Hungary and Pastern Europe and that they are particularly likely to affect . private firms (.; .). Since the beginning of transition there was a concern that new private firms, about which lenders have less information, would be crowded out in capital markets by the established state-owned enterprises. It has be
发表于 2025-3-22 05:50:02 | 显示全部楼层
发表于 2025-3-22 11:57:58 | 显示全部楼层
Barriers to Entry and the Unofficial Economy,rkedly during the 1990s, to the point where many countries have still not reached their 1989 level of GDP, but others, noticeably Poland, have far surpassed it. There are many factors that have contributed to this difference in performance, including their initial conditions, how long a country was
发表于 2025-3-22 15:54:30 | 显示全部楼层
,From Foe to Friend in 10 Years: Private Business Development in Hungary 1989–1998,s of a market economy in order to improve personal and corporate performances. The degree of freedom in corporate decision-making was increased in a large number of state-owned companies while central planning concentrated more on measures that tried to influence corporate activities indirectly. The
发表于 2025-3-22 18:06:08 | 显示全部楼层
Barriers to Entry and their Impact on Private Sector Growth in Poland,conomy. For example, Polish farmers were never deprived of their land, as it was the rule in other countries under the communist regime.. With 4 million people self-employed and employed in private farms Poland was unique amongst countries embarking on the road from a “planned” to a market economy.
发表于 2025-3-22 23:06:49 | 显示全部楼层
,Barriers to Entry and their Impact on Firms’ Performance in Albania, poorly performing state —which was the only owner of the property created by the contribution of generations of Albanian people (.). Political changes started in 1990, when the first opposition party, the Democratic Party, was created. In 1991, following serious riots in main cities, a coalition go
发表于 2025-3-23 03:46:27 | 显示全部楼层
Barriers to Entry of New Firms in the Czech Republic,ally and commercially with the most advanced countries in Europe. By 1930s, Czechoslovakia — which was formed after the break-up of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy in 1918 — ranked amongst the ten major European industrial countries, enjoying a strong tradition of craftsmen skilled in producing machin
发表于 2025-3-23 08:22:27 | 显示全部楼层
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