Titlebook: Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides; Structure, Chemical Yuriy A. Knirel,Miguel A. Valvano Book 2011 Springer-Verlag/Wien 2011 Bacterial.Chemica

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Probing, Inspection, Monitoringcharide (OS), and O-specific polysaccharide or O-antigen [1,2]. LPS is a surface molecule unique to Gram-negative bacteria that plays a key role as an elicitor of innate immune responses, ranging from localized inflammation to disseminated sepsis [3]. The O-antigen, which is the most surface-exposed

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https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48402-1ligosaccharide (OS), and O-specific antigen in the order in which they occur in LPS, which correlates with increasing structural diversity for each component. In ., for example, there are five core OS types known and over 180 O-antigen forms (including .), and in ., 2 and 46 respectively. The divers

Antimicrobial

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https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48402-1in therapeutic manipulation of innate immune system. In this chapter, several natural and synthetic molecules that modulate the TLR4-mediated LPS signalling in animals and humans are presented, and their mechanisms of action are discussed. The synthetic or natural TLR4 modulators will be grouped as:

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https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48402-1sing and rapidly mounted defence responses. Such protective mechanisms are found in all multicellular organisms and are collectively referred to as innate immunity. Innate immunity is the first line of defence against invading microorganisms in vertebrates and the only line of defence in invertebrat

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Probing, Inspection, Monitoring phospholipid bilayer (Fig. 6.1). The presence of LPS in the outer leaflet confers unique properties to the membrane including an efficient permeability barrier that affords Gram-negative bacteria additional protection from their surrounding environment.

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Probing, Inspection, Monitoringprenyl-diphosphate-carried OPS is joined by a carbon-oxygen ligase onto lipid A core and the resulting completed LPS molecule is shuffled onto outer membrane by the recently delineated Lpt translocation pathway.