Titlebook: Atlas of Intraoperative Cranial Nerve Monitoring in Thyroid and Head and Neck Surgery; Alexander L. Shifrin,Alan D. Deutsch,Gregory W. Ra

纬线

导师

Complement

粗糙滥制

Applications to Nonlinear Wavesamps (mA) are utilized. Free running EMG activity is also monitored from the trapezius muscle electrodes during the course of surgery for any indirect stimulation of the spinal accessory nerve. All waveforms and data were obtained utilizing Cadwell Cascade. intraoperative monitoring recording equipment.

farewell

Endoscope

APNEA

Radiculopathy

Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring for the External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nervtion of the EBSLN can also be performed with the use of a Prass monopolar cathode stimulator with a reference anode electrode placed in the trapezius muscle. Stimulation intensities of 0.5–4 milliamps (mA) are used. All waveforms and data were obtained utilizing Cadwell Cascade. intraoperative monitoring recording equipment.

潜移默化

Ingest

Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring for the Phrenic Nerve: Case Illustrations,nce stimulator anode electrode is placed in the ipsilateral trapezius muscle. Stimulus intensities of 3.0–8.0 milliamps (mA) are used. All waveforms and data were obtained utilizing Cadwell Cascade. intraoperative monitoring recording equipment.