Titlebook: Applied Anatomy in Liver Resection and Liver Transplantation; W.Y. Lau Book 2021 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. and People‘s Medical P

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Anatomy of the Abdominal Inferior Vena Cava and Its Suprarenal Branches,e, runs cranially to end at a point 2.5 cm to the right of the xiphisternal joint. This point corresponds to the point where the inferior vena cava perforates the tendinous portion of the diaphragm and the pericardium to enter the inferioposterior part of the right atrium.

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Low Central Venous Pressure in Liver Resectional Surgery,ng liver parenchymal transection is inevitable, and the amount of blood loss significantly affects post-operative morbidity, mortality and long-term survival. Minimizing intraoperative blood loss significantly improves patient outcomes.

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Conference proceedings‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘ 2021e of the most complex surgeries among abdominal surgical procedures. Its minimally invasive surgical development has been lagging behind other gastrointestinal surgical developments. The concerns of excessive bleeding, gas embolism and compromised oncological outcomes contributed to its delayed development.

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