Titlebook: Activation and Labour Market Reforms in Europe; Challenges to Social Sigrid Betzelt (Professor for Sociology of Work an Book 2011 Palgrave

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Australian Westerns in the Fiftiesance, Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom). These countries are generally referred to as corresponding to various welfare state regimes (social democratic, Bismarckian, liberal) and to different gender models (strong, moderate or weak male breadwinner models) relying on contrasting conce

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,Elma Kelly’s Empire: An Australian in Asia,ue that these reforms are changing the German type of social citizenship by various mechanisms and that they encroach upon the citizens’ autonomy rather than enhancing it. A main reason for the reforms has been rising long-term unemployment and firms’ increased need for flexibility due to internatio

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Educating Shoppers in the 1920s,tached either to the individual citizen and/or to employment, as well as to the family. France is usually referred to as a Bismarckian welfare regime, where entitlements to social rights initially rely on both the employment and the family status as opposed to universal welfare regimes, where entitl

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Australians and the First World Warion that activation policies emanate from a normative shift, bringing to the fore a redefinition of the state-citizen relationship, including the attribution of self-responsibility and a new understanding of reciprocity. In this perspective citizens’ employment is considered as the predominating leg