Titlebook: Why Society is a Complex Matter; Meeting Twenty-first Philip Ball Book 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 Complex networks and epi

原告

Making Your Mind Up: Norms and Decisions,ial goods in an attempt to avoid spreading of this ‘contagious’ unrest. Such knock-on effects of social disturbance and conflict were nothing new. For example, the civil war in Rwanda in the 1990s spread into the neighbouring Congo, at the cost of millions of lives, and also affected Burundi and Uganda.

Acupressure

The Social Web: Networks and Their Failures, the demand became too high. This put a strain on nearby high-voltage power lines, which failed when they came in contact with overgrown trees. As a result, less than three hours later the problem had cascaded to shut down 256 power plants over the east coast region.

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Spreading It Around: Mobility, Disease and Epidemics,d across the European continent from the Mediterranean ports resembles the steady advance of an ink blot. Human mobility was then very low: most people barely ventured a few miles beyond their hometown, and so infection advanced more or less village by village.

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Summary,f many aspects of society. This book has argued that, as a result, it is valuable and necessary to consider society as a whole as a complex system that can be explored, explained and to some extent predicted using idealized models.

Obloquy

synchronous

On the Road: Predicting Traffic,raffic jams block around 7,500 km of roads in Europe. In Germany alone in 2012, the year’s total jam length amounted to 450,000 km, equal to the circumference of the Earth plus the distance between Earth and Moon. But that’s mild compared to the situation developing in China, where in the summer of

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Every Move You Make: Patterns of Crowd Movement,e the most direct route, proceeding at a pace that suits us? But exploring and navigating our environment on foot is rarely so simple. What if there are obstacles in our path? Robotics engineers have long realized that it is no mean feat to find a compromise between directness and smoothness of traj

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Endometrium

Broken Windows: The Spread and Control of Crime,atical pattern. Specifically, variations from the long-term average fitted onto a bell curve – the same curve that described variations in births and deaths, or in errors in experimental measurements. This means that small deviations from the average happen more often than large ones, and that very

condone

The Social Web: Networks and Their Failures,ause was disputed – some sources blamed a lightning strike in the Niagara region, others a fire at a power plant in New York or an alleged breakdown at a nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania. A report in 2004 finally alleged that a computer error caused the shutdown of a generating plant in Ohio when