Titlebook: Why Gut Microbes Matter; Understanding Our Mi Harry J. Flint Book 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 Anaerobes.Fibre.Gut Microbiota.H

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How Microbes Gain Energy with and Without Oxygen,erotrophs, which include all animals and many micro-organisms, sugars come from carbohydrates that are taken up from the surroundings or consumed in the diet. Autotrophic green plants, algae and cyanobacteria make their own sugars through photosynthesis by using light energy, and then use them as so

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Who Inhabits Our Gut? Introducing the Human Gut Microbiota,obial communities change markedly as we travel down through the gut (Fig. 5.1). The mouth (oral cavity) is well colonised, particularly the surfaces of teeth and crevices between the tooth and gum. As semi-permanent features, teeth allow the development of microbial biofilms, in which different spec

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Variability and Stability of the Human Gut Microbiome, come from the environment. In non-natural (i.e. caesarean, as opposed to vaginal) births there is less opportunity for the normal, messy routes of inoculation via faecal material and body fluids and the early colonisers are more influenced by the skin surface and outside environment [1]. Which orga

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How Gut Micro-organisms Make Use of Available Carbohydrates,ohydrates’ are here referred to simply as ‘fibre’. This diet-derived fibre passes through the stomach and small intestine to reach the large intestine, where it becomes the major energy source for the resident microbiota. Most of the fibre that we eat is fermentable, meaning that it can be broken do

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Do My Microbes Make Me Fat? Potential for the Gut Microbiota to Influence Energy Balance, Obesity ate to the fermentation and transformation of dietary fibre. The gut microbiota also process other dietary components (fats and proteins) and interact with host cells, giving them the potential to influence many aspects of human nutrition and health. The possibility that our gut microbiota influence

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Gut Microbes and Metabolites,stinal wall. On the other hand, the small molecules (metabolites) that are produced by microorganisms can diffuse through the mucin layer. As a result, the biochemical activities of our gut microbiota have a major impact on our physiology and health. Microbial metabolites not only determine the envi

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Host Responses to Gut Microbes, well that micro-organisms and viruses pose a continual threat to the survival of multicellular life forms, and these micro-organisms include many that either inhabit, or pass through, our gut. A wide range of viruses, bacteria and fungi are pathogens that have the ability to infect particular host