Overview: Galaxies have a history. This has become clear from recent skysurveys, which have shown that distant galaxies, formed early in thelife of the Universe, differ from the nearby ones. .New observational windows at ultraviolet, infrared and millimetricwavelengths (provided by ROSAT, IRAM, IUE, IRAS, ISO) have revealedthat galaxies contain a wealth of components: very hot gas, atomichydrogen, molecules, dust, dark matter. A significant advance isexpected due to new instruments (VLT, FIRST, XMM) which will allow oneto explore the most distant Universe. .Three Euroconferences have been plan
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