Titlebook: Synthetic Cathinones; Novel Addictive and Jolanta B. Zawilska Book 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018

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Novel Psychoactive Substances: Classification and General Information,gal, cheap and non-detectable substitutes for controlled drugs of abuse. The consumers are not normally provided with certain information on the composition of the product, or the recommended dosing and possible side effects. According to the EMCDDA, since 2009, tens of new compounds belonging to si

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Analytical Methods Used for Identification and Determination of Synthetic Cathinones and Their Metaogues, analogues, etc. They follow similar metabolism processes, and often convert in the human body to the same metabolites; some being also cathinone derivatives. Moreover, active doses differ significantly among drugs, causing that the levels of cathinones and their metabolites in the body fluids

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Metabolism of Synthetic Cathinones,substances, and their chemical structures have gradually become complicated. Accordingly, metabolic pathways of synthetic cathinones differ depending on their chemical structures, and forensic toxicologists are critically required to fully understand their metabolism features in order to prove the i

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Monoamine Transporter and Receptor Interaction Profiles of Synthetic Cathinones, In vitro screenings have been useful in characterizing pharmacological profiles of cathinone NPS and in obtaining fast estimates of mechanisms of action, potencies, and potential toxicity. Pharmacological targets of cathinone psychostimulants are dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline re-uptake tra

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Effects of Synthetic Cathinones on Brain Neurotransmitters,ery little data on pharmacology of cathinone derivatives. Like amphetamines, cathinones exert their stimulant effects via increasing synaptic concentrations of dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA), and serotonin (5-HT), albeit at various potencies. These compounds interact with plasma membrane transpor

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Behavioral Profiles and Underlying Transmitters/Circuits of Cathinone-Derived Psychostimulant Drugses psychosomatic, behaviorally activating effects. Alterations to one or more motifs of cathinone’s molecular structure can yield novel psychoactive compounds with greater potency, toxicity, and abuse liability than the parent compound. These synthetic cathinone drugs, including 4-methylmethcathinon

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,Synthetic Cathinones—Prevalence and Motivations for Use,, numbers of cathinones, number and quantities confiscated are reviewed. This leads to the first substantive section of the chapter—an epidemiological investigation of the nature and extent of what is known about the use of these molecules. The second major section is more qualitative in its approac

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The Effects and Risks Associated with Synthetic Cathinones Use in Humans,re β-keto amphetamine analogues. These drugs are also known as legal highs, research chemicals, bath salts, plant food, or glass cleaner, and labeled «not for human use» or «not tested for hazards or toxicity» . However, there is a lack of epidemiological data concerning the SCs. Several factors hav