Titlebook: Steel Design for Engineers and Architects; David A. Fanella,Rene Amon,Atanu Mazumder Book 1992 Van Nostrand Reinhold 1992 bridge.concrete.

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Tension Members,s and sag rods (Fig. 1.1). For the most part, the shape of the cross section has little effect on the tensile capacity of a member. The net cross-sectional area will be uniformly stressed except at points of load applications and their vicinity (St. Venant’s principle). If fasteners are used, it may

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Members under Flexure: 2,ions may limit the use of deep sections, making a cover-plated shallow beam necessary. Occasionally, the availability of rolled sections suggests the economical use of cover plates. Cover plates can also be added to increase the flexural capacity of existing beams of renovated or modified structures

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Welded Connections,ding arc welding process. The surfaces of the members to be connected are heated, allowing the parts to fuse together, usually with the addition of another molten metal. When the molten metal solidifies, the bond between the members is completed.

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Special Connections,ruction, whose connections are sufficiently rigid to keep the rotation of connected members virtually the same at each joint. Type 2 is simple frame construction, for which connections are made to resist shear only. Type 3 is semirigid framing, which assumes an end connection whose rigidity is somew