Titlebook: Spatial Complexity; Theory, Mathematical Fivos Papadimitriou Book 2020 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive lic

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What is Spatial Complexity?patial complexity refers to the geographical space, to mathematically abstract spaces, to physical objects, or to any surface or object, in a .-dimensional space with . equal to two or higher. Spatial complexity should not be confused with “space complexity”, “topological complexity”, “shape complex

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Spatial Complexity in Nature, Science and Technologyrelates to the large-scale spatial inhomogeneities of the universe. In geography, earth sciences and ecology, it appears as one of the two major components of landscape complexity and thus affects ecosystem managment and landscape protection. In physics, complex systems and fractals are two of the m

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The Geometric Basis of Spatial Complexitytial complexity depends on the presence (or absence) of symmetries, orthogonality, number of intersections and geometry type (Euclidean or other). A simple spatial relationship (i.e. orthogonality of two sides of the triangle) makes the calculation of various geometric features (i.e. area, volume) l

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The Probabilistic Basis of Spatial Complexityive classes /species/ population types/ categories /covers/colours/types) occupying the spatial extent of a surface, (b) entropy (measured i.e. by Shannon’s formula, and reflecting the degree of equidistribution of these classes on the basis of their relative participation percentages) and (c) rando

Alopecia-Areata

ARM

The Algorithmic Basis of Spatial Complexityre maps (binary or not), so long as each square cell of a map can have a one-to-one correspondence to one symbol (taken from an alphabet of symbols). These symbols can be used to represent as many colors, categories etc. as the map requires, on the basis of a conventional “scanning”run-length encodi

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micronutrients

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