Titlebook: Solar-Terrestrial Environmental Prediction; Kanya Kusano Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licens

磨坊

Space Radiationcts on human activity in space. Space radiation may cause significant risk of astronauts and cause anomaly of satellites. In this chapter, we review the recent advance in trapped radiation research. The importance of nonlinear wave–particle interactions is shown, which cause enhancements and loss of

Predigest

BLINK

魅力

Eulogy

Origin of Solar Storms electromagnetic emission, ejected plasma, and high-energy particles. In this chapter, first, we review the observation network of solar storms and then explain influences due to these components. For the emission from flares, its spectral and temporal characteristics are discussed based on observat

芭蕾舞女演员

Prediction of Solar Storms electromagnetic waves, high-energy particles, and a large amount of magnetized plasma into the interplanetary space. They may impact space weather and modern infrastructures. Therefore, it is crucial to predict when and how large solar storms will occur and what types of influences they will have o

custody

Abduct

Vulnerable

Effects of Solar Activity on the Upper Atmosphereow from the sun to the upper atmosphere—UV/EUV radiation and solar wind—is significantly changed during various solar activity periods. This causes changes in the energy budget, dynamical features, and various phenomena in the upper atmosphere. For example, changes in joule heating (solar wind energ

杀人