Titlebook: Signal Transduction in Plants; Current Advances S. K. Sopory,Ralf Oelmüller,S. C. Maheshwari Book 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New

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A Role for Ectoapyrases and Extracellular ATP in Plant Growth and Development,ed ATP from a solution. Apyrases hydrolyze both the γ and β phosphate on ATP and the terminal phosphate on ADP, and they do so very efficiently. Assays that require the removal of ATP from solutions typically utilize apyrase to achieve this goal.

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Myoinositol Phosphates as Implicated in Metabolic Signaling and Calcium Homeostasis in Plants,tracellular Ca. stores (.). Although specific assays have identified high affinity Ins(l,4,5)P.-binding sites in many animal tissues (., .), these have not been convincingly shown in all cases to be the receptors that mediate Ca. mobilization, nor it is clear whether the binding sites are different

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Phytochrome Signal Transduction in Cucumber Cotyledons, not well stablished. Previous experiments showed that Pfr (far-red light-absorbing form of phytochrome) promoted NRA in etiolated cotyledons of . through a red-far-red reversible response, and an increase in cytoplasmatic calcium mimicked the Pfr response (.). PI turnover is a major mechanism for t

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Calcium, Calmodulin and Phosphoinositides in Leaflet Movements Mediated by Phytochrome,may also be other components of the transduction pathway (.). Cytoplasmic Ca. has been related with some phytochrome-mediated responses such as protoplast swelling, germination of fern spores and seed germination (.). Microinjection experiments reported by . strongly support this involvement. Thus,

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Calmodulin and Plant Responses to the Environment,ins like calmodulin (CaM) (for review see ., .). To understand how plants respond to environmental changes we focus on the identification and characterisation of the cellular targets of Ca./CaM. These proteins are believed to play a key role in regulating cellular and biochemical processes associate

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Apoplast Calmodulin: The Identification, Functions and Transmembrane Mechanism,so present and functions at the extracellular area of both plant and animal cells. Our work indicates that CaM is not only present at the apoplast surface in the plant kingdom universally, but also has several important biological functions and is involved in transmembrane signaling mechanisms.

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