Atherosclerosis is a pathological condition of the arteries in which plaque buildup and stiffening (hardening) can lead to stroke, myocardial infarction (heart attacks), and even death. Cholesterol in the blood is a key marker for atherosclerosis, with two forms: (1) LDL - low density lipoproteins and (2) HDL - high density lipoproteins. Low LDL and high HDL concentrations are generally considered essential for limited atherosclerosis and good health. This book pertains to a mathematical model for the spatiotemporal distribution of LDL and HDL in the arterial endothelial inner layer (EIL, intima). The model consists of a system of six partial differential equations (PDEs) with the dependent variables 1. ����(����,����): concentration of modified LDL 2. ℎ(����,����): concentration of HDL 3. ����(����,����): concentration of chemoattractants 4. ����(����,����): concentration of ES cytokines 5. ����(����,����): density of monocytes/macrophages 6. ����(����,����): density of foam cells and independent variables 1. ����: distance from the inne | 
发表于 2025-3-21 18:57:00
