Titlebook: Newcastle Disease; D. J. Alexander Book 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers 1988 antibody.antigen.diagnosis.ecology.immunology.vaccination.vac

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Heterogeneity within Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus: Key to Survival,eir plaque morphology. When cloned, these subpopulations may differ significantly from each other in their ability to infect and induce disease in several avian species. They may also differ in physical properties, in their ability to be bound by monoclonal antibody and in their oligoribonucleotide

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Newcastle Disease Diagnosis, other diseases that produced basically similar signs. It is surprising therefore that, with what we would regard today as relatively unsophisticated tools, researchers and diagnosticians such as Doyle (1) were convinced from the outset that they were recording a disease that had been unreported pri

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Geographical Distribution,ecise definitions of the virus and the disease. The use in many countries of mesogenic or lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus as vaccines is a complicating factor. Although there is probably some under-reporting, it is apparent that the distribution of Newcastle disease virus is not yet wo

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Newcastle Disease : Methods of Spread, the ability of the disease to appear suddenly in a poultry population and spread with singular rapidity. This property is so marked that many studies that have been undertaken during the history of ND have included evaluation of this aspect of the epizootiology of the disease even if not specifical

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Quality Control of Vaccines,health and welfare of the recipients of the vaccines. It is particularly important in the poultry industry where there is a large population with a rapid turnover and vaccines are in almost universal use: an ineffective product may lead to widespread outbreaks of disease; a contaminated product can

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ACE-inhibitor

D. J. Alexander considerable evolution, mainly driven by the improvement in access techniques, endoscopic instrument technology, lithotripsy devices and drainage management. The conventional prone position for PNL has been challenged in the last two decades by a variety of modifications, including the supine and G

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Rudolf Rott,Hans-Dieter Klenkrs, etc.) for nuclei with atomic numbers Z ranging from 2 (He) to 102 (No) published in 2010-2013, thus updating previous compilations provided in the Landolt-Börnstein volumes I/25A-E..The data presented are collected from all kinds of nuclear reactions, including data for nuclei far from the stabi