Titlebook: Natural Language Processing in Biomedicine; A Practical Guide Hua Xu,Dina Demner Fushman Textbook 2024 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and Th

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Introduction to Natural Language Processing of Clinical Textrance of clinical care and delivery of information to patients. Research in Clinical NLP is constantly growing. This book serves as an introduction to the areas of foundational and applied biomedical language processing, with particular focus on clinical language processing. At the time of this writ

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Overview of Linguistic Informationfamiliar to the readers who had to identify the words that form a unit with specific function within a hierarchical structure in the sentences and draw parse trees to describe the hierarchical syntactic structure. The chapter serves as a guide, provides references to in-depth studies of specific lin

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Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithmsks. The contents of this chapter will be familiar to readers who have previously studied machine learning and deep learning methods. It discusses design of inputs and outputs for machine learning models, training algorithms including gradient descent, feature-based methods including logistic regress

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Named Entity Recognitiontext that represents medical concepts and their class. Readers familiar with the general domain NER would observe parallels in the methodology discussed here, and the differences and challenges with the biomedical text. The chapter introduces NER using biomedical examples, and provides references to

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Information Retrievalfind content relevant to our needs in a nearly instantaneous manner. Quickly sifting through the haystack to find the needle matching our information needs—commonly known as search—is the task of Information Retrieval (IR). This chapter discusses the fundamentals of IR, common biomedical application

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Large Language Model and Text Generationunts of text data, often hundreds of billion or even trillions of words, and a large number of model parameters, often billions. LLMs almost unified all major clinical natural language processing (NLP) tasks and aspire to be the one and only solution in NLP. This chapter presents an introduction to