Titlebook: Manual of Spine Surgery; Uwe Vieweg,Frank Grochulla Book 20121st edition Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 Anterior.Cervical.Decompre

使服水土

Odontoid Screw Fixationby Bohler (J Bone Joint Surg Am 64:18–27, 1982), and it is now widely used to treat unstable type II and shallow type III odontoid fractures. The goals of odontoid screw fixation are immediate stabilization of type II odontoid fractures or shallow type III odontoid fractures with no need for external orthosis.

灯丝

Microgram

Surgical Microscopy in Spinal Surgery and Williams were the first spine surgeons to perform microsurgical procedures for the treatment of lumbar disc diseases [1–4]. Since then, the surgical microscope has become an important tool in the field of spinal surgery.

Cerebrovascular

Equipment for Full-Endoscopic Spinal Surgerysed, the instruments must be inserted through an intraendoscopic working canal. These days, the equipment available offers operation-technical possibilities comparable to those known from microscope-assisted surgery.

CHIDE

织物

Nostalgia

藐视

自作多情

laceration

Bone Grafts and Bone-Graft Substitutesausing additional problems such as donor site morbidity. And the combination of such substitutes as scaffold with the utilization of growth factors and mesenchymal stem cells bring with them a completely new array of possibilities.