Titlebook: Interleukin-10 in Health and Disease; Simon Fillatreau,Anne O‘Garra Book 2014 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclu

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Tr1 Cells and the Counter-Regulation of Immunity: Natural Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications,-4 and IL-17. Recently, CD49b and LAG-3 have been identified as Tr1-cell-specific biomarkers in mice and humans. Tr1 cells suppress T-cell- and antigen-presenting cell- (APC) responses primarily via the secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β. In addition, Tr1 cells release granzyme B and perforin and kill mye

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Pathogen Manipulation of cIL-10 Signaling Pathways: Opportunities for Vaccine Development?,specific responses within cells expressing the IL-10 receptor (IL-10R). It is considered a master immune regulator, and imbalances in IL-10 expression, resulting from either inherent or infectious etiologies, have far reaching clinical ramifications. Regarding infectious diseases, there has been acc

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IL-10: Achieving Balance During Persistent Viral Infection,ory mechanisms necessary to prevent host pathology. In the case of persistent viral infections, immunoregulatory pathways prevent the immune response from clearing the virus, resulting in a long-term equilibrium between host and pathogen. Consequently, negative immune regulators are being considered

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The Regulation of IL-10 Expression,immune intervention strategies. IL-10 is produced by almost all cell types within the innate (including macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils and natural killer cells) and adaptive (including CD4. T cells, CD8. T cells and B cells) immune systems. The me

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Role of IL-22 in Microbial Host Defense,ber IL-10 is an important immunoregulatory cytokine that represses both innate and adaptive immunity, the other family members preferentially target epithelial cells and enhance innate host defense mechanisms against various pathogens such as bacteria, yeast, and viruses. Based on their functions, t

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