Titlebook: In Utero Pediatrics; Research & Practice Kun Sun Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Spri

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Pediatrics in Maternal-Fetal Medicine,al imaging, molecular genetic diagnosis, and . treatment technologies, fetal medicine has emerged as a branch of obstetrics and an important research component of maternal-fetal medicine. In the era of maternal-fetal medicine, the target of prenatal screening and diagnosis include not only fetal gen

lethargy

Magisterial

Effects of Maternal Internal Environment on Early Life Growth and Development,of an infant. According to the well-known theory of DOHaD (Developmental Origins of Health and Disease), adverse factors such as malnutrition and poor environment in early life (including early embryo, fetus, and infancy phases) will increase the risk of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, an

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Fetal Growth and Its Trajectory,it has also been suggested that LGA should be defined as the 97th percentile of birth weight higher than the weight of the same gestational age (2 standard deviations above the average), because the latter can more accurately represent the infants at the highest risk of perinatal complications and d

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Circulatory System,stage will lead to congenital cardiac and vascular malformations. Thus, knowledge of the embryonic development of the circulatory system is of great importance in understanding the pathological changes and clinical diagnosis of congenital cardiovascular malformations. At present, the common screenin

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The Digestive System,luding the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. During fetal development, when the duodenum is obstructed due to structural malformations and functional abnormalities caused by pathological reasons, the amniotic fluid swallowed by the fetus cannot smoothly enter the duodenum and distal intestine, causi

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Respiratory System,ain airway and pose a potential risk of airway obstruction to children [1]. The common congenital UAO includes hemangioma of the floor of mouth, cervical teratoma, cervical lymphangioma and laryngotracheomalacia [2–5]. The sensitivity of prenatal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of fetal head and ne

不自然

Urinary System, The overall incidence of CAKUT is 0.3–0.6% [1]. CAKUT may have different clinical phenotypes, including renal cystic anomalies (such as polycystic renal dysplasia, polycystic renal disease, and obstructive cystic dysplasia), urinary tract obstruction-related diseases (such as renal hydrocele, poste

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