Titlebook: Hemodynamics in the Echocardiography Laboratory; Gila Perk Book 2021 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive lice

苍白

Why Is This Happening Now,n filling pressures), understanding the cause of the abnormal timing is important, as it may clarify the underlying pathology. Diastolic mitral regurgitation is an example of such an abnormally timed event; understanding the mechanism and pressure relationships that result in diastolic MR can help shed light on the pathology causing it.

BANAL

Tremor

Assignment

果核

,What’s Wrong with This MR: Part II,al tracing can manifest as abnormally high or abnormally low peak velocity, as well as slower rate of rise of the MR velocity. Identifying an unusual MR spectral tracing should prompt a search for its cause.

萤火虫

,There’s a Hole in the Heart: Part II,d and obtained parameters should “make sense” when evaluated together; discrepancy in data obtained should prompt a thorough evaluation in order to attain an understanding of the nature of the discordant data.

chemical-peel

fastness

Dynamic LVOT,gradient can be found yet anatomic or clinical considerations suggest a possibility of inducible LVOT obstruction. All available data should be considered—m-mode, 2D imaging, color Doppler, and spectral Doppler. Careful attention to details is critical for demonstrating and grading the severity of LVOT obstruction.