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Complexity Approach to Urban Systems,ividual behaviors lead to unanticipated, emergent, system-wide outcomes; that configurations of urban contexts matter when striving to understand the effects of a policy lever; and that urban problems may be “wicked.” We then introduce two research approaches suitable for studying complex urban syst

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Manfred Bornhofen,Martin C. Bornhofendevelopment, it is difficult to tackle environmental injustice issues, for they may be aggravated by the distribution of amenities in urban areas. This book clarifies the separate concepts of gentrification and displacement, considers the city as a complex adaptive system, identifies crucial factors

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