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书目名称Gravitational Lenses影响因子(影响力)




书目名称Gravitational Lenses影响因子(影响力)学科排名




书目名称Gravitational Lenses网络公开度




书目名称Gravitational Lenses网络公开度学科排名




书目名称Gravitational Lenses被引频次




书目名称Gravitational Lenses被引频次学科排名




书目名称Gravitational Lenses年度引用




书目名称Gravitational Lenses年度引用学科排名




书目名称Gravitational Lenses读者反馈




书目名称Gravitational Lenses读者反馈学科排名

离开可分裂

Statistical gravitational lensing: Applications,The discussion in the preceding chapter focused on the technical aspects of statistical lensing. We now turn to the applications of statistical lensing, making extensive use of the results obtained in Chap. 11.

STIT

https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28003-0ity of multiple imaging of sources and the magnification and distortion of the shape of images. Detailed knowledge of the properties of simple lens models is essential for the understanding of observed lens cases. In this and the following chapter, we consider the statistical properties of an ensemble of lenses.

等级的上升

愤愤不平

匍匐前进

Gravitational lenses as astrophysical tools,urnish an additional test of General Relativity; (2.) allow us to see fainter or more distant sources; and (3.) provide a means to estimate the mass of galaxies, of clusters of galaxies, and of unseen, massive aggregates of dark matter.

匍匐前进

Gravitational Lenses978-1-4612-2756-4Series ISSN 0941-7834 Series E-ISSN 2196-9698

lobster

overshadow

Numerical methods,ot known a priori. There are other problems where numerical analysis must be applied, e.g., if one wants to determine the total magnification for an extended source, as a function of its position. This problem is computationally simpler than the standard problem.

PON

Basic facts and the observational situation,een images, and who are not interested in the more detailed aspects of gravitational lens theory discussed in later chapters. In particular, a “guide for observers” is presented, concerning the search for, and the detection and verification of GL events. An overview of observed GL candidates is presented in Sect. 2.5.