Titlebook: Experimental Techniques in Plant Disease Epidemiology; Jürgen Kranz,Joseph Rotem Book 1988 Springer-Verlag Heidelberg 1988 Pathogen.dynami

不妥协

cardiac-arrest

BOOM

978-3-642-95536-5Springer-Verlag Heidelberg 1988

Spina-Bifida

减至最低

Julia Hapke,Katharina Ptack,Clemens Töpfer the preceding Chap. 7 by Sutton et al. It is concerned with the formulation of biometeorological variables and their relationship with the interactions between host (see also Seem, Chap. 4), pathogen and environment. At first, however, we shall define some fundamental meteorological terms, definitions and techniques.

aphasia

Offbeat

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35328-5ntals, forests, and even greenhouse crops (Freckman and Caswell 1985; Norton 1978). Although parasites may be present in low numbers to billions per hectare, only certain species cause major epidemics and crop losses.

Stress-Fracture

Measuring Plant Diseaseidemiology, no assessment of crop losses and no plant disease surveys and their applications would be possible. Disease assessment is also needed for many other applications in plant pathology, such as screening for resistance and fungicides. It expresses the effects of various treatments or factors on disease in experiments, and disease control.

放弃

污点

How to Develop Plant Disease Forecasterssults in unneeded cost to growers, consumers, and perhaps to the environment.” One approach for determining when or if to apply disease control techniques is the use for forecasting systems. The intensive development and use of plant disease forecasters is a relatively new and exciting application of epidemiology.