Titlebook: European Ecosystems; Giorgio Marcuzzi Book 1979 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1979 Applied ecology.Gewässer.Taiga.amphibians.b

饥荒

The Taiga,mit of tree vegetation, going from 59° in Norway (more or less at the latitude of isotherm 16° of the warmest month) to 72°N in Siberia. In these countries the coniferous species withstand temperatures as low as —30°C. Snow covers the soil with a thick blanket for several months (up to 7 or 8) and i

两栖动物

The Montane Environment,des, and we can hardly speak of a montane environment, unless we make allowance for the altitude and some physical factors such as lower pressure, higher evaporative power of the air, higher intensity of UV light etc. The montane environment is particularly less evident on the high plateau (Hochflac

持续

诱导

联邦

generic

The Steppe,assland, in which generally only some shrubs or small scattered trees can thrive. These elements constitute immense prairies (or rather grasslands, since the former name is generally reserved for the North American formations) and steppes in places where — as we shall see later — neither a forest no

Delectable

crockery

The Montane Environment,erefore their biota can be considered as montane biota. However, very often, rather than height, the morphology of the neighbouring landscape (or territory), the vegetation or the climate are essential or anyway important in defining mountains or montane environments. Therefore a small hill — though

出价

Humid or Alluvial Environments,m simple marshy meadows to swamps, from ponds, littoral brackish lagoons, periodic waters of very different nature (the so-called ‘Klein- and Kleinst-gewässer’ of German authors), to the ‘fontanili’ (Northern Italy), to the ‘marcite’ (Northern Italy), the rice-fields, the various kinds of karst wate