Titlebook: Ecosystem Classification for Environmental Management; Frans Klijn Book 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1994 Conservation.E

ineluctable

不能平静

剥削

白杨

Cerebrovascular

用不完

The natural hierarchy of ecological systemsnt, it seems possible to determine which biophysical factors are dominant in ecological zones, regions, sectors and/or districts, and stations or sites. The hierarchy of these ecological units then becomes a natural one, and their being spatially nested in each other becomes more logically founded.

Deceit

Spatially nested ecosystems: guidelines for classification from a hierarchical perspectiveial scale levels, all related to each other. This can be understood by regarding them as being spatially nested, thus forming a mosaic at the earth’s surface..Both the complexity and the dependence on spatial scale pose problems for classification. To solve these, we argue for a deductive top-down a

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A flexible multiple stress model: who needs a priori classification?fferent environmental problems. The model consists of two modules: one for soil and one for vegetation. In the soil module changes in abiotic site factors (e.g. soil moisture, soil nutrient availability, and soil acidity) are predicted for various environmental scenarios. In the vegetation module th