Titlebook: Cytokine Protocols; Marc Ley Book 2004 Humana Press 2004

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,Modulation of the Interferon-γ Signal by Transfection of Cells with an Antisense-RNA Expressing Veceiotropic, paracrine, and/or autocrine biological activities as a result of the contact with a membrane receptor followed by signal propagation through a series of signal transduction partners and eventually reaching the nucleus where activation of gene transcription leads to the expression of speci

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Purification, Identification, and Synthesis of Chemokines,rimary cells or cell lines are necessary as start material to obtain microgram amounts of natural chemokine (. .). A substantial quantity of a particular chemokine is only produced by certain cell types, providing that the cells are stimulated with an appropriate endogenous (cytokine) or exogenous (

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Biosensor Analysis of Receptor-Ligand Interactions,r interactions can help lead to mechanistic understanding of receptor activation as well as strategies to inhibit the interactions and, consequently, antagonize activation. For many cytokine systems, molecular tools are available for mechanism-revealing interaction analysis. These tools can include

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Assays for Antiviral Activity,it is reported that other cytokines, e.g., tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (.), may exert antiviral effects, biological assays based on antiviral activity, or antiviral assays (AVA), were originally developed solely for potency estimations of IFNs (.,.). The development of AVA started more than 40 yr ag

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Assays for Cytotoxicity,. The best characterized is the prototypic member TNF-α, which is cytotoxic to a range of tumor cells, but not to most types of normal cells (.,.). However, there are now known to be around 20 molecularly related members of the TNF superfamily, several of which induce programmed cell death, i.e., ap