Titlebook: Coral Reefs of the Eastern Tropical Pacific; Persistence and Loss Peter W. Glynn,Derek P. Manzello,Ian C. Enochs Book 2017 Springer Science

专横

Taming the Device with the Game Engineeastern tropical Pacific (ETP) and between these populations and those of the rest of the Pacific we compiled available data from sequences of DNA and microsatellites for corals, gastropods, echinoderms and fishes, and calculated F. statistics. The ETP consists of a narrow strip of continental shelf

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orals to avoid extinction after disturbance events and by maintaining populations that can rapidly recolonize disturbed habitats. The low diversity and restricted ranges of ETP corals make them vulnerable to seawater warming caused by positive phases of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (El Niño). Ho

Indicative

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debunk

Consequence

不要严酷

Catheter

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,El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO): A Review,NSO. Occurrence of ENSO has been explained as either a self-sustained and naturally oscillatory mode of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system or a stable mode triggered by stochastic forcing. In either case, ENSO involves the positive ocean-atmosphere feedback hypothesized by Bjerknes. After an El Niñ

heterogeneous

Eastern Pacific Coral Reef Provinces, Coral Community Structure and Composition: An Overview,een ETP subregions are recognized, including mainland and island localities from the Gulf of California (Mexico) to Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile). Updated species lists reveal a mean increase of 4.2 new species records per locality or an overall increase of 19.2 % in species richness during the pa