Titlebook: Controversies in Critical Care; Jose Chacko,Swapnil Pawar,Gagan Brar Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under excl

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Making Things and Recycling Things,ood flow. However, the benefits of therapy must be balanced against the prospect of bleeding complications that may lead to adverse outcomes. This chapter reviews the utility of thrombolytic therapy in acute pulmonary embolism with varying levels of severity.

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The Limit of Energy Efficiency,g and waning of interest. There is a strong physiological rationale for the corticosteroid use as adjunctive therapy in septic shock. However, early clinical trials revealed possible harm from high-dose steroid therapy. This chapter evaluates the potential beneficial effects of steroid therapy in sepsis in light of recent evidence.

DEMUR

Oxygenation Targets in the ICU: Conservative or Liberal?ach toward supplemental oxygen, considering the well-established harmful effects of hypoxia. There has been increasing debate on appropriate oxygenation targets in critically ill patients. This chapter reviews the evidence behind optimal oxygenation targets in the ICU.

Mendicant

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PEEP Titration by the Bedside: How Do We Set It Right? ventilation may be mitigated by the judicious application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). This chapter reviews the evidence behind the optimization of PEEP levels in mechanically ventilated patients.

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Do Vigorous Spontaneous Respiratory Efforts Lead to Patient Self-Inflicted Lung Injury (P-SILI )?sing concern that vigorous spontaneous respiratory efforts may also predispose to a similar type of injury, termed patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI). P-SILI may occur during unsupported or assisted breathing. This chapter reviews the mechanisms of causation of P-SILI and the measures that may be considered to prevent this type of injury.

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Prone Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndromeosition allows improved ventilation-perfusion matching in most patients. However, the clinical impact of prone ventilation had been contentious until recently. This chapter summarizes the evidence behind the efficacy of prone ventilation in mechanically ventilated patients with ARDS.

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