Titlebook: Chemistry and Radiation Changes in the Ozone Layer; Christos S. Zerefos (Professor, Director),Ivar S. Book 2000 Springer Science+Business

obsession

Predigest

不能约

Observed Long-Term Ozone and UV Changes,t rates of about 4% in winter/spring and about 2% per decade in the summer. This long-term trend was interrupted by periods of enhanced volcanic activity, which resulted to significant ozone losses (more than 5% per year) following large volcanic eruptions (El Chichon in 1982 and particularly Mt Pin

expdient

Variability of Daily and Annual Cycles of Mean Erythemal Solar Irradiance Related to Total Ozone Vaitude effect is about 4 to 8% per 1000 m, the radiation amplification factor is about 1.1 and both numbers vary only slightly with solar zenith angle. The statistical model relating erythema) solar irradiance with total column ozone and solar zenith angle was developed. This model and the annual cyc

Peristalsis

UV Irradiance Patterns in Italy,8° N, longitude 8.6° E, altitude 240 m), collect regular continuous measurements of spectral UV (290-325 nm) irradiance by means of Brewer Spectrophotometry. The measured data are compared with the output of the STAR model (System for Transfer of Atmospheric Radiation) [1]. STAR is a multiple scatte

地壳

Calibration and Characterization of Erythemal Broadband Detectors,ictions suggest a tendency for increasing UV levels, following the observed ozone decreases (Kerr and McElroy, 1993; Seckmeyer et al., 1994; Zerefos et al., 1995a). Of major public and scientific concern is the spatial and temporal variability of the lower part of the spectrum (UV-B) due to its stro

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LEER

Aphorism

Quantum Mechanics of Fundamental Systems 1A brief, rather personal, overview is given of some of the major developments in atmospheric chemistry during the past 30 years with emphasis on the troposphere. Some areas for future research are indicated.

brachial-plexus

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3524-6Stratospheric Ozone depletion is largely due to chlorine and bromine radicals released from halogenated hydrocarbons. This paper describes properties, emission histories and budgets of relevant substances and outlines the pertinent photochemical processes, along with a comprehensive presentation of halocarbon measurements and global distributions.