Titlebook: Anesthesiology and Pain Management; T. H. Stanley,M. A. Ashburn Book 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1994 Opioid.analgesics

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Hanna Blieffert,Holger Floeting treated (1–3). The renewed interest in pain management in children in the past ten years has resulted in considerable attention to the problem of postoperative pain and the rapid development of organized postoperative pain services. One assumes that these changes have resulted in better pain manage

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-01268-7system, with expansion of receptive fields, facilitation of flexor motor neuronal responses and decrease in the threshold of dorsal horn neurons (1–4). Experience from clinical studies following capsaicin stimulation (5,6), thermal injury (7,8), or gynecological laparotomy (9) suggests similar post-

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Local Anesthesia Toxicity,ar injection or with excessive doses injected intrathecally. Additionally, other adverse effects occur with certain agents, e.g., allergic reactions to the amino-esters, and methemoglobinemia with high doses of prilocaine.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32054-6ain relief on postoperative morbidity are still debatable, despite the fact that pain relief with epidural or spinal local anesthetics has a pronounced inhibitory effect on the surgical stress response in lower body operations, but less so in upper body procedures (1–3).

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Effect of Postoperative Pain on Surgical Outcome,ain relief on postoperative morbidity are still debatable, despite the fact that pain relief with epidural or spinal local anesthetics has a pronounced inhibitory effect on the surgical stress response in lower body operations, but less so in upper body procedures (1–3).