Motilin
发表于 2025-3-27 00:38:36
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食草
发表于 2025-3-27 03:47:06
Gauge Fields, the internal symmetry group of this Lagrangian). It is not invariant under transformations of the form .′(.) = .(.).(.), where . = ... is a function taking values on the unit circle. However, one can consider the Lagrangian of a bispinor field interacting with an electromagnetic field A.(.); this
宣称
发表于 2025-3-27 07:22:45
Particles Corresponding to Nonquadratic Lagrangians three and higher. In Chapter 2 we showed that if the matrix (..) is nonnegative definite, .. describes particles whose squared masses are the eigenvalues of this matrix. The term .(.) can be taken into account by perturbation techniques; although it does not change the spectrum qualitatively, it ne
progestin
发表于 2025-3-27 10:31:43
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女歌星
发表于 2025-3-27 13:58:00
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CRASS
发表于 2025-3-27 18:53:33
Topological Integrals of Motionin Figure 11. The particle cannot penetrate an infinitely high potential barrier: if it starts to the left of point ., for example, it remains to the left of that point for all time. This is true for both classical and quantum particles.
Abduct
发表于 2025-3-27 23:23:09
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宣誓书
发表于 2025-3-28 03:43:07
Topological Integrals of Motion in Gauge Theoryry of electroweak interaction. We take the Lagrangian ., where . = (..,..., ..) is a multicomponent fermion field, . = (..,..., ..) a multicomponent scalar field, and .. the free Lagrangian describing the interaction of these fields. Assume that (12.1) is invariant under an internal symmetry group .
装勇敢地做
发表于 2025-3-28 06:26:36
Particles in Gauge Theories of a classical vacuum .., having lifted the degeneracy of the classical vacuum by imposing a gauge condition. A natural gauge condition is . where ., as before, is the map taking a point in .. to the nearest point in .. We recall that, in general, . is one-to-one and continuous only in a neighborho
单调性
发表于 2025-3-28 11:26:26
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