取之不竭 发表于 2025-3-25 06:00:45
Antonio Villarrelevant here was simultaneously introduced by Thomas S. Kuhn and Paul K. Feyerabend in 1962. (Kuhn 1962, p. 103, Feyerabend 1962, p. 58) Kuhn conceived of incommensurability as a contrast between paradigms or comprehensive theoretical traditions that transcends mere incompatibility. The adoption ofelucidate 发表于 2025-3-25 10:14:28
thus classification), explanation, and encapsulation of possibilities: answers to “What?” “Why?” and “What is possible?” and often also to “How?” (SVF, ch. 5). Scientific understanding is expressed in theories and it is empirically grounded. The criteria used for appraising scientific understandingTractable 发表于 2025-3-25 11:38:53
http://reply.papertrans.cn/59/5836/583527/583527_23.pngAFFIX 发表于 2025-3-25 16:20:36
http://reply.papertrans.cn/59/5836/583527/583527_24.png祖传 发表于 2025-3-25 21:35:57
Antonio Villar, archive data, museum samples, local publications and the data on river hydrology. A database of the rivers where salmonids had been reported was composed. Some of the rivers were examined for the presence of bivalves, and eight populations of . were found. Some rules governing their distribution wacclimate 发表于 2025-3-26 03:16:23
Introduction,verty are relevant problems, in terms of magnitude, extent and implications. Second, that those problems deserve attention at social, political and academic levels, as they affect society’s welfare. Measuring inequality, poverty and welfare is therefore important and complex as those measures involvBereavement 发表于 2025-3-26 07:07:04
Inequality Indicestwo specific questions. First, we discuss a set of properties, or requirements, that make a function a suitable candidate for an inequality index. Those properties include Normalisation, Symmetry, Population Replication, Principle of Transfers, Continuity, Scale Independence and Additive Decomposabi拖网 发表于 2025-3-26 08:38:17
http://reply.papertrans.cn/59/5836/583527/583527_28.png母猪 发表于 2025-3-26 13:54:46
Normative Inequality Indicesal welfare is measured by a conventional social welfare function. We focus on the of Atkinson family of inequality indices, which extends the initial ideas of Dalton by applying some of the notions that are common in expected utility theory. Atkinson uses the notion of equally distributed equivalentConstitution 发表于 2025-3-26 16:54:16
http://reply.papertrans.cn/59/5836/583527/583527_30.png