刺激
发表于 2025-3-23 12:50:02
Open Systems; Grand Canonical Ensemblenor decrease. This Lecture treats open systems in which particles may enter or leave the system. Open systems arise naturally in experiment. For example, if one studies a large volume of liquid by using a microscope with a narrow field of view, the small unenclosed volume under examination is an ope
征服
发表于 2025-3-23 15:49:59
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magnanimity
发表于 2025-3-23 19:42:58
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占线
发表于 2025-3-24 01:33:23
Quantum Mechanicstical mechanics were used to compute partition functions, average energies, and specific heats for rigid rotators, noninteracting spins in an external field, and quantum harmonic oscillators such as those found in crystalline solids. The objective in this Aside and the next Lecture is to give these
Insatiable
发表于 2025-3-24 03:14:28
Formal Quantum Statistical Mechanics. The analysis is in two parts. The first, more conventional, part will show why a sum over energy eigenstates is an appropriate procedure for evaluating ensemble averages, and why your decision to use a particular set of basis vectors has no effect on the number you get when you calculate the ensem
constitute
发表于 2025-3-24 06:36:30
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UTTER
发表于 2025-3-24 13:06:41
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裂隙
发表于 2025-3-24 16:35:56
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Conduit
发表于 2025-3-24 21:36:17
Sensing Ice Clouds from Satellitesween the one-atom ideal gas discussed in Lecture 4, and the .-atom (where . might be similar to Avogadro’s number) ideal gas treated in Lecture 5. In this Aside, I develop the canonical ensemble description of the two-atom ideal gas. I show how the lists of variables and integrals change form as the number of particles in the system is increased.
共同生活
发表于 2025-3-25 02:32:57
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