exophthalmos
发表于 2025-3-27 00:24:37
Crusades in Northern Italy in the Fourteenth Century examine the factors that motivated popes to launch them, evaluate their outcomes, investigate how contemporaries perceived them, and discuss the historiography related to them. Italian historiography has privileged a “traditionalist” approach to the study of the crusades which largely overlooks cru
放弃
发表于 2025-3-27 02:08:28
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headway
发表于 2025-3-27 07:58:53
The Crusade Against “Schismatic” Bulgaria (1238) and Its Antecedentsher when it was an independent polity or when it was subjected to Byzantine or Ottoman domination, it was never a recruiting ground for crusaders or the target of a crusade except for the period in which it confronted the Latin Empire of Constantinople, following its establishment during the Fourth
Texture
发表于 2025-3-27 12:50:56
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OWL
发表于 2025-3-27 14:22:15
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大都市
发表于 2025-3-27 21:31:08
Crusades in the Holy Roman Empire (Late 1220s to the Early 1250s)se campaigns were launched against Christians and varied considerably in their causes, characteristics, and results. This chapter highlights four campaigns fought within a 30-year period. It first focuses on the campaign initiated by the bishop of Utrecht in the 1220s against the rural population in
Callus
发表于 2025-3-28 01:31:27
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松驰
发表于 2025-3-28 05:13:56
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衍生
发表于 2025-3-28 07:48:45
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种植,培养
发表于 2025-3-28 14:18:07
The Crusades Against the Hussites in Bohemia (1419–1436)wider region. Between 1420 and 1431, the papacy in collaboration with the lay powers of the Holy Roman Empire undertook five large-scale crusades against the allegedly heretic followers of the Czech reformer Jan Hus. Despite the international scale and remarkable mobilising power of these campaigns,