偶然
发表于 2025-4-1 05:33:17
ECIRS: Access Creation,ance methods considered (retrograde nephrostomy application, all-seeing needle, image-fusion and iPad guidance, electromagnetic tracking system, navigation systems, and telerobotic arms). Guidewire application and management and tract dilation-related problems are afforded, according to the authors’ expertise.
夹克怕包裹
发表于 2025-4-1 08:43:09
Introduction,ing for percutaneous renal access, the initial cooperation between urologists and radiologists, and the subsequent birth of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in all its steps, thoroughly developed by various urologists during the years. He underlines the advantages of the supine position and presents the
NEEDY
发表于 2025-4-1 13:48:12
The Early History of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PNL),evelopment of this procedure including the author, who has taken active part in it. PNL has become an integral part of urology since more than 30 years, quickly expanding during the 1980s, but was not widely accepted until the 1970s. Many other urologists have contributed to this technique, reinvent
倔强不能
发表于 2025-4-1 17:49:56
The Evolution from Prone to Supine PNL and from Supine PNL to ECIRS: The Basque History of Endouroln an era without internet or other nowadays obvious technological supports. G. Ibarluzea experienced also as sometimes practical problems or occasional events (like the limitations of a fixed radiologic table or the Steinstrasse complications of ESWL of large stones) can trigger new ideas like the i