Causalgia 发表于 2025-3-21 18:05:34

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态学 发表于 2025-3-21 23:17:39

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没收 发表于 2025-3-22 03:30:18

The Central Planning Agencies,services through the Soviet economy—the State Planning Committee, the State Committee for Material and Technical Supply, and the State Committee for Science and Technology—and three central agencies whose function is to coordinate financial flows—the Ministry of Finance, the State Bank, and the Stat

BATE 发表于 2025-3-22 05:33:43

The Foreign Trade and Industrial Ministries,e for the operative tasks of buying, selling, producing, and using exports and imports. Despite their rank in the hierarchy, these agencies play an important role in foreign trade decision making for at least three reasons. First, since it is physically impossible to make all decisions at the centra

Coronary 发表于 2025-3-22 09:47:04

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迅速成长 发表于 2025-3-22 13:37:14

Foreign Trade Optimization Models,, the FTEIs are extremely limited in their ability to reflect domestic resource scarcities and the conditions of demand on domestic and international markets. Ideally, however, all of these interdependent circumstances can be dealt with very conveniently in the framework of a linear or nonlinear opt

flaunt 发表于 2025-3-22 20:09:00

Empirical Analyses of Soviet Foreign Trade Decision Making,ucture. In subsequent chapters, we surveyed a number of methodological and systemic developments that may have contributed in one way or another to the pursuit of economic rationality. In this chapter, we shall review the statistical record in order to gauge the actual performance of Soviet foreign

构成 发表于 2025-3-23 00:26:42

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使乳化 发表于 2025-3-23 04:26:30

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FLACK 发表于 2025-3-23 06:30:47

An Overview: The Bureaucracy and the Plan, fully described in the Soviet literature is the preparation of a variety of plans, including those for foreign economic relations. Later in this chapter we shall review the composition of those plans and the participation of the various agencies in their compilation.
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查看完整版本: Titlebook: Soviet Foreign Trade; The Decision Process H. Stephen Gardner Book 1983 Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing 1983 Import.economic integration.exchange