背景 发表于 2025-3-25 05:40:15
Corticotropin Signaling System in the Skin,tory activities via interaction with CRF receptors, CRF1 and CRF2, which were cloned and initially characterized by Vale’s group and others (Grammatopoulos and Chrousos 2002; Hillhouse and Grammatopoulos 2006; Hillhouse et al. 2002; Perrin and Vale 1999; Slominski et al. 2001).全面 发表于 2025-3-25 11:28:14
http://reply.papertrans.cn/87/8651/865096/865096_22.png雀斑 发表于 2025-3-25 14:07:43
Introduction,body homeostasis, and ultimately organism survival (Slominski 2005; Slominski and Wortsman 2000; Slominski et al. 2000c; Zmijewski and Slominski 2011). It also exposes skin to numerous pathological agents, processes, and events. Thus, the capability to locally recognize, discriminate, and integratepacket 发表于 2025-3-25 19:50:13
http://reply.papertrans.cn/87/8651/865096/865096_24.pngBlood-Clot 发表于 2025-3-26 00:04:04
Melatoninergic System in the Skin,and vertebrates (Hardeland et al. 2011; Reiter 1991; Slominski et al. 2008a; Tan et al. 2002; Yu and Reiter 1993). In mammals, melatonin is produced in the pineal gland (Reiter 1991) as well as in brain, retina, Harderian gland, ciliary body, lens, thymus, airway epithelium, bone marrow, immune cell充满装饰 发表于 2025-3-26 04:04:08
Cutaneous Cholinergic System, (α1–α10, β1–β4, γ, δ, ε) subunits (Wu and Lukas 2011). Several subunits of the same type may be present in any given receptor type (e.g., α1 and α5). Nicotinic receptors signal by forming ligand-regulated cation channels. There are five subtypes of muscarinic receptors (M1–M5) that act through G-pr不真 发表于 2025-3-26 08:15:58
http://reply.papertrans.cn/87/8651/865096/865096_27.png险代理人 发表于 2025-3-26 12:07:29
http://reply.papertrans.cn/87/8651/865096/865096_28.pngAssignment 发表于 2025-3-26 13:36:18
,Equivalent of Hypothalamo–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis in the Skin,ystemic stress (Selye 1936; Seyle 1976). The HPA functional structure has been completed by determining that hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) acts as the regulator of the production of ACTH and β-endorphin in the anterior pituitary (Spiess et al. 1981; Vale et al. 1981). The HPA patcluster 发表于 2025-3-26 19:53:02
http://reply.papertrans.cn/87/8651/865096/865096_30.png