引导
发表于 2025-3-25 04:33:55
Laparoscopic and Robotic Partial Nephrectomy,ses include: laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) (both transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches) and robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RLPN). The focus of this chapter will be on transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches to LPN and robotic PN.
玷污
发表于 2025-3-25 10:17:06
Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy, may provide additional technical advantages to the surgeon to further improve upon the outcomes noted with the conventional laparoscopic technique. This chapter provides a detailed description of the RLNUx technique, its indications, contraindications, preoperative preparation, operative steps, and complications.
PALL
发表于 2025-3-25 11:58:36
http://reply.papertrans.cn/83/8293/829274/829274_23.png
amyloid
发表于 2025-3-25 18:16:20
http://reply.papertrans.cn/83/8293/829274/829274_24.png
值得尊敬
发表于 2025-3-25 21:05:34
ssisted procedures.Well-illustrated – complements the finer Retroperitoneal Robotic and Laparoscopic Surgery provides urologists with an easy way to learn the extraperitoneal alternative when performing laparoscopic or robot assisted procedures. There are significant technical differences between in
DUCE
发表于 2025-3-26 03:32:36
http://reply.papertrans.cn/83/8293/829274/829274_26.png
用不完
发表于 2025-3-26 07:05:02
http://reply.papertrans.cn/83/8293/829274/829274_27.png
Glucocorticoids
发表于 2025-3-26 11:41:40
http://reply.papertrans.cn/83/8293/829274/829274_28.png
锯齿状
发表于 2025-3-26 15:50:37
Upper Tract Retroperitoneal Access Techniques,m other specialties, most procedures described have been based on the traditional transperitoneal approach. Well-defined organ systems and a relative paucity of intraperitoneal fat allow the rapid identification of landmarks. Instilled gas expands the space in a predictable manner to enable optimal
空气传播
发表于 2025-3-26 17:05:55
Laparoscopic and Robotic Adrenalectomy,ferential diagnosis of adrenal masses, and review preoperative considerations, surgical approaches, postoperative management, and complications associated with adrenal surgery..Method: In the era of imaging, most adrenal masses are diagnosed incidentally. A thorough endocrine evaluation is recommend