sorbitol
发表于 2025-3-26 23:34:35
In-group Affect, Out-group Disdain, and Negative Voting,among positive and negative voters alike. Contrary to the most immediate expectation that negative voting would be the product of disproportionate negativity among negative voters, however, the results contained in this chapter show that the distinctive feature of negative voters is their low level
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发表于 2025-3-27 02:34:01
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清楚说话
发表于 2025-3-27 08:58:52
The Normative Implications of Negative Voting,mocracy? We address these issues through two exercises. First, we simulate the outcome of the elections under analysis had nobody cast a negative vote, to get a sense of the impact of negative voting on election outcomes. Second, we compare negative voters with abstainers, to understand to what exte
COKE
发表于 2025-3-27 12:02:30
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渐强
发表于 2025-3-27 13:36:55
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易于
发表于 2025-3-27 18:40:39
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起皱纹
发表于 2025-3-28 01:03:36
Partisanship, Ideology, and Negative Voting,ically with the party they voted for than positive voters. In other words, much like observed with partisanship, feelings of ideological closeness to the in-party tend to depress negative voting and foster positive voting.
教义
发表于 2025-3-28 04:29:59
Negative Voting and Affective Polarization,ctually less likely to cast a negative vote. When it comes to the polarity of affect (i.e., the extent to which affect for the in-party overcomes disdain for the out-party), however, we find that negative voting is more prevalent among voters characterized by a negative polarity (i.e., their out-party disdain overcomes their in-party affection).
结束
发表于 2025-3-28 08:14:14
2945-7610 nce that negative voting is linked to voters’ (affectively p.Why do some people conceive their vote choices as mostly against, rather than for a given party/candidate? Who are these negative voters? What macro-level conditions favor the development of negative voting? This volume provides answers to
cyanosis
发表于 2025-3-28 11:36:49
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