浮浅
发表于 2025-3-21 18:12:32
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Charade
发表于 2025-3-21 22:19:04
Homotopy Theory, of spaces to corresponding homomorphisms. This functorial approach allows us to transform topological problem into the corresponding algebraic one. The solvability of this “derived” algebraic problem in many cases implies the solvability of the initial topological problem.
sparse
发表于 2025-3-22 03:24:00
Homology Theory,ms of homology groups and cohomology groups. This comes about because of a better computability of homology groups and cohomology groups, although their definitions are somehwat more complicated than, for example, the definition of homotopy groups.
Intentional
发表于 2025-3-22 06:27:17
Book 1995try, mathematical analysis, differential equations, mechanics, functional analysis that correspond to the temporary state of these disciplines without involving topological concepts. Therefore, it is essential to acquaint students with topo logical research methods already in the first university c
是比赛
发表于 2025-3-22 09:01:38
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来就得意
发表于 2025-3-22 16:18:35
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值得赞赏
发表于 2025-3-22 19:39:12
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军械库
发表于 2025-3-23 00:10:40
Manifolds and Fiberings,In the previous chapters, we considered general properties of topological spaces and their mappings. However, in topology and its applications there appear spaces with additional structures, e.g., smooth manifolds and fibre bundles which are of great importance in many branches of modern mathematics.
BABY
发表于 2025-3-23 01:26:01
978-90-481-4558-4Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1995
我不明白
发表于 2025-3-23 09:15:34
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