先驱 发表于 2025-3-28 18:22:55
Diagnostic and Classification Issuesern. In addition, however, there are some unique problems. Some of these issues are enduring (e.g., scientific, psychometric, taxonomic); others come and go with whatever theoretical systems or classification system holds current popularity. Although it failed in the 19th century to match the specta公猪 发表于 2025-3-28 19:55:00
Cross-Cultural Issues protect the individual from potential harm, and they tend to decrease or cease within a short period of time. New fears emerge as children become more mobile and as they appreciate social as opposed to physical threats to their well-being. The incidence of fears and their evolution have been well dParabola 发表于 2025-3-29 00:03:31
http://reply.papertrans.cn/48/4717/471630/471630_43.pngCorporeal 发表于 2025-3-29 05:17:24
Social Phobiaish, Israeli, American, and Japanese children and adolescents (Abe & Suzuki, 1986; Ginter, Lufi, Trotzky, & Richmond, 1989; Miller, 1983; Slee & Cross, 1989; A. K. Watson, Monroe, & Atterstrom, 1984). Despite the universality of such fears, there appears to be a subset of children who express fears恶名声 发表于 2025-3-29 09:42:17
http://reply.papertrans.cn/48/4717/471630/471630_45.pngProphylaxis 发表于 2025-3-29 14:12:50
Separation Anxiety DisorderII) (APA, 1980) and 3rd edition, revised (DSM-III-R) (APA, 1987), has provided a heuristic framework and stimulus for research on anxiety disorders of childhood. This approach to the subcategorization of psychopathological disorders in childhood has not been free of criticism, particularly from Grea维持 发表于 2025-3-29 18:39:56
http://reply.papertrans.cn/48/4717/471630/471630_47.pngCAGE 发表于 2025-3-29 20:06:15
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders or both that are distressful or interfere in one’s life. Obsessions are defined as persistent thoughts, images, or impulses that are ego-dystonic, intrusive, and, for the most part, senseless. According to DSM-III (APA, 1987, p. 245), “Compulsions are repetitive, purposeful, and intentional behaviinterference 发表于 2025-3-30 01:38:40
Posttraumatic Stress Disordert reactions as well as Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can occur. The form of PTSD varies according to the age of the child, and, sadly, the internal distress often goes unrecognized for long periods by parents and teachers. Indeed, one of the reasons that there was doubt as to whether PTSD occLEVER 发表于 2025-3-30 05:41:23
Panic Disorders only recently been characterized and studied. DaCosta’s syndrome, or “irritable heart” due to anxiety rather than a physical abnormality, was described in soldiers shortly after the American Civil War . Cardiac neurosis, effort syndrome,