GERM 发表于 2025-3-21 19:12:11

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coagulate 发表于 2025-3-22 00:08:53

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MONY 发表于 2025-3-22 02:50:08

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fructose 发表于 2025-3-22 08:23:44

Adaptationn can be defined as a novel character appearing in an organism and maintained by natural selection. This concept must therefore be studied at two different levels, within a phylogenetic analysis for inferring relative novelty and within a populational analysis to assess the role of natural selection

Antarctic 发表于 2025-3-22 12:19:52

Functionmajor philosophical theories have been discussed: the “etiological” and the “systemic” or “causal role” theory of function. The most popular version of the etiological theory states that “The function of a trait is the effect for which that trait was selected” (Neander). The causal role theory consi

Camouflage 发表于 2025-3-22 15:24:46

Characterences in features exist among the taxa being compared. There are many ways to code different manifestations of the same thing. The central questions of character analysis are “what is a character?”, “what is a character state?” “how do we delimite characters and characters states?”. After characters

最有利 发表于 2025-3-22 19:37:01

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甜瓜 发表于 2025-3-22 23:53:04

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congenial 发表于 2025-3-23 04:34:28

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Kernel 发表于 2025-3-23 09:18:28

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查看完整版本: Titlebook: Handbook of Evolutionary Thinking in the Sciences; Thomas Heams,Philippe Huneman,Marc Silberstein Book 2015 Springer Science+Business Medi